December 2020

Thursday, 17 December 2020

maanav vikaas soochakaank: UNDP

kyon samaachaar mein

sanyukt raashtr vikaas kaaryakram (yooenadeepee) dvaara jaaree maanav vikaas riport (echadeeaar) 2020 ke anusaar, maanav vikaas soochakaank (echadeeaee) 2019 ke lie bhaarat ko 2019 ke lie 189 deshon mein sthaan diya gaya hai.

2020 kee riport mein grahon ke dabaav-

samaayojit maanav vikaas soochakaank ko pesh kiya gaya hai, jo desh ke prati vyakti kaarban daioksaid utsarjan aur saamagree ke padachihn dvaara maanak maanav vikaas soochakaank (echadeeaee) ko samaayojit karata hai.

riport ke bhaag ko banaane vaale any soochakaank hain:

asamaanata-samaayojit maanav vikaas soochakaank (ihdi),

ling vikaas soochakaank (gdi),

ling asamaanata soochakaank (gii) aur

bahuaayaamee gareebee soochakaank (mpi).

pramukh bindu

maanav vikaas soochee:

ke baare mein: echadeeaee jor deta hai ki logon aur unakee kshamataon ko kisee desh ke vikaas ka aakalan karane ke lie antim maanadand hona chaahie, na ki keval aarthik vikaas.

maanav vikaas ke teen buniyaadee aayaamon par aadhaarit:

ek lamba aur svasth jeevan,

gyaan tak pahunch, aur

jeevan jeene ka ek sabhy maanak.

maanav vikaas ke teen buniyaadee aayaamon par aadhaarit:

ek lamba aur svasth jeevan,

gyaan tak pahunch, aur

jeevan jeene ka ek sabhy maanak.

2019 ke lie sheersh kalaakaar:

norve soochakaank mein sabase oopar hai, isake baad aayaralaind aur svitjaralaind hain. haangakaang aur aaisalaind sheersh paanch ko poora karate hain.

eshiyaee kshetr ka pradarshan:

singaapur 11 ven, saoodee arab 40 ven sthaan par tha aur maleshiya vaishvik soochakaank mein 62 ven sthaan par tha, jo "bahut uchch maanav vikaas" ke saath eshiyaee deshon ke beech sheersh braiket ka pratinidhitv karata tha.

shreelanka (72), thaeelaind (79), cheen (85) aur indoneshiya aur phileepeens (donon 107), aur viyatanaam (117), doosaron ke beech "uchch maanav vikaas" desh the.

bhaarat, bhootaan, baanglaadesh, myaammaar, nepaal, kambodiya, kenya aur paakistaan 120 se 156 raink ke saath "madhyam maanav vikaas" vaale deshon mein sthaan par the.

bhaarat ka pradarshan:

kul milaakar pradarshan: 2019 ke lie echadeeaee ka mooly 0.645 hai, jo desh ko madhyam maanav vikaas shrenee mein rakhata hai, jo 189 deshon aur kshetron mein se 131 par sthit hai.

1990 aur 2019 ke beech, bhaarat ka hdi mooly 0.429 se badhakar 0.645, 50.3% kee vrddhi huee.

lambe aur svasth jeevan: 2019 mein bhaarateey kee janm kee aayu 69.7 varsh thee, jo dakshin eshiyaee ausat 69.9 varsh kee tulana mein thodee kam thee.

1990 aur 2019 ke beech, janm ke samay bhaarat kee jeevan pratyaasha mein 11.8 varsh kee vrddhi huee.

gyaan tak pahunch: bhaarat mein skoolee shiksha ke apekshit varsh 12.2 varsh the, jabaki baanglaadesh mein 11.2 varsh aur paakistaan mein 8.3 varsh the.

1990 aur 2019 ke beech, skoolee shiksha ke saadhanon mein 3.5 varsh kee vrddhi huee, aur vidyaalayon kee apeksha mein 4.5 varshon kee vrddhi huee.

living staindard ka ek nirnaayak maanak: sakal raashtreey aay (jeeenaee) prati vyakti ke sandarbh mein, pichhale varsh kee tulana mein giraavat ke baavajood, 2019 mein bhaarat mein 6,681 daalar kuchh any kee tulana mein behatar rahe.

1990 aur 2019 ke beech bhaarat ka gni prati vyakti lagabhag 273.9% badh gaya.

grahon ke dabaav-samaayojit maanav vikaas soochakaank (phdi):

ke baare mein: phdi desh ke kaarban daioksaid utsarjan aur saamagree padachihn ke star ke aadhaar par maanak hdi ko samaayojit karata hai, pratyek prati vyakti ke aadhaar par.

deshon ka pradarshan:

norve, jo echadeeaee mein sabase oopar hai, 15 sthaan girata hai yadi is meetrik ka upayog kiya jaata hai, to aayaralaind taalika mein sheersh par hai.

sanyukt raajy amerika (echadeeaee raink -17) aur kanaada (echadeeaee raink -16) kramashah praakrtik sansaadhanon par unake pratikool prabhaav ko darshaate hue 45 aur 40 sthaanon par gir jaenge.

tel aur gais se samrddh khaadee raajyon mein bhee giraavat aaee. cheen 85 kee apanee maujooda rainking se 16 sthaanon ko gira dega.

bhaarat ka pradarshan:

bhaarat rainking mein aath sthaan oopar jaega.

peris samajhaute ke tahat, bhaarat ne apane sakal ghareloo utpaad kee utsarjan teevrata ko 2005 ke star se 2030 tak 33-35% kam karane aur gair-jeevaashm eendhan sroton se 4030 tak vidyut shakti kshamata praapt karane ka vaada kiya.

bhaarat mein saur kshamata maarch 2014 mein 2.6 geegaavaat se badhakar julaee 2019 mein 30 geegaavaat ho gaee thee, jo nirdhaarit samay se chaar saal pahale 20 geegaavaat ka lakshy praapt kar rahee thee.

2019 mein, bhaarat sthaapit saur kshamata ke lie paanchaven sthaan par tha.

raashtreey saur mishan ka uddeshy bijalee utpaadan ke lie saur oorja ko badhaava dena aur jeevaashm eendhan aadhaarit vikalpon ke saath saur oorja ko pratispardhee banaane ke lie any upayog hain.

any sanket

asamaanata-samaayojit maanav vikaas soochakaank:

ihdi asamaanata ke kaaran hdi mein pratishat haani ka sanket deta hai.

bhaarat ke lie, 2019 ke lie ihdi maan 0.537 (16.8% samagr nukasaan) hai.

ling vikaas soochakaank:

jeedeeaee ling dvaara echadeeaee par asamaanata ko maapata hai.

bhaarat ke lie, 2019 ke lie gdi maan 0.820 (vishv: 0.943) hai.

ling asamaanata soochakaank:

jeeaeeaee teen aayaamon ka upayog karake laingik asamaanata ka ek samagr maap prastut karata hai:

prajanan svaasthy,

sashaktikaran aur

shram baajaar.

jeeaeeaee mein, bhaarat 123 ven sthaan par hai. pichhale saal yah 162 deshon mein se 122 ven sthaan par tha.

bahuaayaamee gareebee soochakaank:

mpi un kaee abhaavon ko pakadata hai jo vikaasasheel deshon ke log apane svaasthy, shiksha aur jeevan star mein saamana karate hain.

bhaarat ke emapeeaee anumaan ke lie saarvajanik roop se upalabdh sabase haaliya sarvekshan deta 2015-2016 ka sandarbh deta hai. bhaarat mein, aabaadee ka 27.9% (3,77,492 hajaar log), bahutaayat se gareeb hain, jabaki 19.3% atirikt ko bahuaayaamee gareebee (2,60,596 hajaar log) ke tahat vargeekrt kiya gaya hai.

any khoj

badee chunautiyaan:

jabaki kovid -19 ke vinaashakaaree prabhaavon ne duniya ka dhyaan kheencha hai, any starit sankat, jalavaayu parivartan se badhatee asamaanataon tak, unake tol ko lena jaaree rakhate hain. grah aur saamaajik asantulan kee chunautiyaan aapas mein judee huee hain: ve ek dushchakr mein baatacheet karate hain, pratyek doosare ko badatar banaate hain.

bachchon se sambandhit chunautiyaan:

kambodiya, bhaarat aur thaeelaind mein svadeshee bachche kuposhan se sambandhit muddon jaise ki stanting aur barbaad karana dikhaate hain.

bhaarat mein, maata-pita ke vyavahaar mein vibhinn pratikriyaon ke saath-saath ladakiyon ke svaasthy aur shiksha mein kuchh vinivesh ke kaaran jalavaayu parivartan se jude jhatake kee sambhaavana ke parinaamasvaroop ladakon kee tulana mein ladakiyon mein uchch kuposhan hua hai.

2020 mein visthaapan:

2020 mein aapadaon ne sabase adhik nae visthaapan ko jaaree rakha. chakravaat amphaan ne baanglaadesh aur bhaarat ko maar daala, is varsh kee pahalee chhamaahee mein sabase badee ekal visthaapan ghatana huee, jisase 3.3 miliyan poorv-khaalee nikaasee ho gaee.

samaadhaan:

maanav vikaas ka vistaar - mahilaon aur ladakiyon kee adhik shiksha, mahilaon ka adhik aarthik sashakteekaran, gharon mein yuva ladakiyon kee adhik saudebaajee, gareebee mein kamee, aadi.

kolambiya se bhaarat ke saakshy ingit karate hain ki vitteey suraksha aur bhoomi ka svaamitv mahilaon kee suraksha mein sudhaar karata hai aur ling aadhaarit hinsa ke jokhim ko kam karata hai, yah spasht roop se sanket deta hai ki svaamitv vaalee bhoomi mahilaon ko sashakt bana sakatee hai.

Param shavak

Vijaybhai Rupani of Gujarat State allotted 'Param Shavak' super computer to 10 universities-higher educational institutions of the state through video conference.

So far, a total of 7 supercomputers have been gifted by the state government to various educational institutions for innovative research.

10 University Higher Educational Institutions

Gujarat Technological University - Ahmedabad

Government Engineering College - Bhavnagar

Institute of Computer Technology, Ganpat University - Mehsana

Marwadi University - Rajkot

Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology - Gandhinagar.

Parul University - Vadodara

Sankalchand Patel University - Mehsana

Silver Oak College of Engineering and Technology -Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad University -Ahmedabad

Institute Advanced Research - Gandhinagar

Boris Johnson of Britain

Boris Johnson of the United Kingdom will be the chief guest at the Republic Day celebrations this year.

With this, Mr. Jones has sent an invitation to Prime Minister Narendra Modi to attend the L-2 Summit to be held under the leadership of Britain next year.

Dominic Rabb has arrived in India on a 3 day trip from 16GB.

He was welcomed by Indian External Affairs Minister J. Jaishankar.

The agenda of the meeting between the two is to discuss regional and international issues.

During his visit to India, Dominic Rabb will also meet Environment Minister Prakash Javadekar and Education Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal.

23rd meeting of the Council for Financial Stability and Development

- Finance Minister Nirmala Sitaram presided over the 7th meeting of the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSCC) in New Delhi through video conferencing.

The members of the Reserve Bank include the Governor of the Reserve Bank, Jaijain,

The Chairman of the Insurance Regulatory Development Authority of India, and the Chairman of the Pension Fund Regulatory Development Authority.

The meeting discussed key issues related to overall economic development and key issues related to financial stability and related weaknesses.

In the second quarter of 2020-21, the slowdown in growth indicates improvement.

The meeting was informed that the economy is recovering and will get back on track much earlier than expected.

The need for continued support to the financial sector to further accelerate real economic growth and achieve overall economic goals has also been discussed.

During the meeting, Khwaja also discussed the budget proposals of the Reserve Bank of India and other regulatory bodies.

This is the second meeting in the country after the Kovid-12 epidemic. The earlier meeting was held in May, shortly after the government announced a self-sufficient India package of Rs 21 lakh crore.

Council for Financial Stability and Development (KJAGH)

Khajaghbh was formed in December 2010.

KHZBH was established with the objective of strengthening and institutionalizing mechanisms for maintaining financial stability,

Enhancing inter-regulatory coordination and promoting the development of the financial sector.

PM-KUSUM : Janiye kya hai ye nayi yojna

bajat 2018 ke kisaan phokas ne kisaan-unmukh saur oorja utpaadan ko 28,250 megaavaat tak kee ek kisaan-unmukh yojana ke roop mein prastut kiya hai, jise kisaan uja suraksha abhiyaan uttar mahaabhiyaan (kusum) yojana ke roop mein jaana jaata hai.

kusum yojana kisaanon ko unakee banjar bhoomi par sthaapit saur oorja pariyojanaon ke maadhyam se, grid ko atirikt bijalee bechane ka vikalp pradaan karake, atirikt aay pradaan karegee.

yadi ise achchhee tarah se laagoo kiya jaata hai, to bhaarat mein oorja suraksha aur graameen arthavyavastha ke lie pradhaan mantree-kusum yojana antim gem-parivartak ho sakatee hai.

peeem-kusum ka ghatak

peeem-kusum mein teen ghatak hote hain aur 2022 tak 30.8 geegaavot kee saur kshamata jodane ka lakshy hai:

ghatak-e: 10,000 megaavaat vikendreekrt bhoo-ghudasavaar grid se jude naveekaraneey bijalee sanyantr.

ghatak-bee: do miliyan staindalon saur oorja sanchaalit krshi pampon kee sthaapana.

ghatak-see: 1.5 miliyan grid se jude saur oorja sanchaalit krshi pampon ka solaraijeshan.

yojana ka laabh praapt karana

diskom kee madad karana: krshi ke lie bijalee kee atyadhik sabsidee hotee hai aur aksar ise tejee se bhoojal kee kamee aur diskom kee kharaab vitteey sthiti ka mukhy kaaran kaha jaata hai.

yah yojana krshi kshetr mein sabsidee ke bojh ko kam karake diskom ke vitteey svaasthy ka samarthan karegee.

raajyon kee madad karana: is yojana se vikendreekrt saur oorja utpaadan ko badhaava milega, aur traansamishan haaniyon ko kam kiya ja sakega.

raajy sarakaaron ke lie, yah sinchaee ke lie unakee sabsidee ke parivyay ko kam karane ka ek sambhaavit tareeka hai.

isake alaava, yah yojana raajyon ko rpo (akshay khareed daayitv) lakshyon ko poora karane mein madad karegee.

kisaanon kee madad karana: yadi kisaan adhishesh shaktiyon ko bechane mein saksham hain, to unhen bijalee bachaane ke lie protsaahit kiya jaega aur badale mein, isaka matalab bhoojal ka uchit aur kushal upayog hoga.

yah kisaanon ko saur jal pampon ke maadhyam se sunishchit jal sroton - oph-grid aur grid-kanekted donon ke maadhyam se jal suraksha pradaan kar sakata hai.

paryaavaran kee madad karana: is yojana ka ek aur ichchhit laabh vikendreekrt saur-aadhaarit sinchaee pradaan karake aur pradooshanakaaree deejal se door jaakar sinchaee kavar ke vistaar mein hoga.

yah chhaton aur bade paarkon ke beech madhyavartee seema mein saur oorja utpaadan mein shoony ko bhee bharana chaahie.

sambaddh chintaen

lojistik ishyoo: upakaran kee ghareloo upalabdhata ka maamala hai. jabaki pamp ghareloo aapoortikartaon ke lie koee chunautee nahin hai, saur pamp kee upalabdhata abhee bhee ek mudda hai.

isake alaava, sakht dchr (domestik kantent rikvaayaraments) kee vajah se solar ikvipament ke saplaayars ko domestik sel sorsing jutaanee padatee hai. haalaanki, paryaapt ghareloo sel nirmaan kshamata nahin hai.

laghu aur seemaant kisaanon ka pravesh: chhote aur seemaant kisaanon kee saapeksh chook rahee hai, kyonki yah yojana 3 echapee aur uchch kshamata vaale pampon par kendrit hai.

yah is kaaran se hai, saur pamp adhikaansh kisaanon tak nahin pahunch rahe hain, kyonki unamen se lagabhag 85% chhote aur seemaant hain.

isake alaava, kam paanee taalikaon kee vaastavikata, vishesh roop se uttar bhaarat aur dakshin bhaarat ke kuchh hisson mein, jo kisaan ke lie chhote aakaar ke pampon ko seemit karate hain.

paanee kee maatra ko hataana: bijalee kee sabsidee ke kaaran, bijalee kee aavartee laagat itanee kam hai ki kisaan paanee pamp karate rahate hain aur paanee kee mej neeche ja rahee hai.

solar instoleshan mein vaatar tebal girane kee sthiti mein uchch kshamata vaale pampon ko apagred karana ek adhik kathin kaam ho jaata hai kyonki aapako nae solar painal jodane honge jo mahange hain.

aage ka raasta

raajyon ko ek saath lao: kendr aur raajyon ke beech sahamati is vikendreekrt saur oorja yojana kee saphalata kee kunjee hai.

bhaarat kee shakti mein koee sudhaar tab tak nahin ho sakata jab tak ki kendr, raajyon aur hitadhaarakon ke beech aam sahamati na ho. tab tak, yah aadhe pake hue kek kee tarah hoga.

sastenebal phaarming:

saur oorja par svich karane ke alaava, kisaanon ko drip irigeshan mod par bhee svich karana chaahie jo phasal utpaadan mein vrddhi ke saath paanee aur bijalee kee bachat karata hai.

aakarshak saur oorja mooly nirdhaaran: hitadhaarakon dvaara prabhaavee kaaryaanvayan aur gambheer bhaageedaaree ke lie, kaaryaanvayan kee uchch laagat aur vyaapak rakharakhaav ke kaaran chunautiyon ke maddenajar benchamaark keematon ke sandarbh mein yojana adhik aakarshak honee chaahie.

nishkarsh

kaee sarakaaree yojanaon kee tarah, peeem-kusum yojana nishchit roop se suvichaarit hai, lekin saur koshikaon ke lie bhaarat mein vinirmaan ya yahaan tak ki bijalee sabsidee ko charanabaddh karane jaise neetigat hastakshep, ise apane vaade ko poora karane ke lie pair de sakate hain.

The farmer focus of Budget 2018 has given a fillip to the farmer-oriented scheme involving decentralised solar power production up to 28,250 MW, known as Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (KUSUM) scheme.

The KUSUM scheme would provide additional income to farmers, by giving them the option to sell additional power to the grid, through solar power projects set up on their barren lands.

If implemented well, the PM-KUSUM scheme can be the ultimate game-changer for energy security and the rural economy in India.

Component of the PM-KUSUM

PM-KUSUM consists of three components and aims to add a solar capacity of 30.8 GW by 2022:

Component-A: 10,000 MW of decentralised ground-mounted grid-connected renewable power plants.
Component-B: Installation of two million standalone solar-powered agriculture pumps.
Component-C: Solarisation of 1.5 million grid-connected solar-powered agriculture pumps.

Intended Benefits of the Scheme

Helping Discoms: Electricity for agriculture is highly subsidised and is often termed as the main cause for rapid groundwater depletion and poor financial position of Discoms.
- This scheme will support the financial health of Discoms by reducing the burden of subsidy to the agriculture sector.
Helping States: The scheme will promote decentralised solar power production, and reduce transmission losses.
- For state governments, this is a potential way to reduce their subsidy outlay towards irrigation.
- Apart from it, the scheme will help States meet the RPOs (renewable purchase obligation) targets.
Helping Farmers: If farmers are able to sell surplus powers, they will be incentivised to save power and, in turn,
it will mean the reasonable and efficient use of groundwater.
- This may also provide water security to farmers through the provision of assured water sources through solar water pumps — both off-grid and grid-connected.
Helping Environment: Another intended benefit of this scheme will result in the expansion of the irrigation cover by providing decentralized solar-based irrigation and moving away from polluting diesel.
- This should also fill the void in solar power production in the intermediate range between rooftops and large parks.

Associated Concerns

Logistics Issue: There is a matter of domestic availability of equipment itself. While pumps are not a challenge for domestic suppliers, the availability of solar pumps is still an issue.
- Further, due to the strict DCR (Domestic Content Requirements), the suppliers of solar equipment have to raise the domestic cell sourcing. However, there isn’t enough domestic cell manufacturing capacity.
Omission of Small and Marginal Farmers: There has been the relative omission of small and marginal farmers, as the scheme focuses on pumps of 3 HP and higher capacities.
- It is due to this, solar pumps are not reaching the majority of farmers, as nearly 85% of them are small & marginal.
- Also, the reality of low water tables, especially in North India and parts of South India, which make small-sized pumps limiting for the farmer.
Depleting Water Tables: Due to power subsidies, the recurring cost of electricity is so low that farmers keep on pumping water and the water table is going down.
- In a solar installation, it becomes a more difficult job to upgrade to higher capacity pumps in case the water table falls because you will have to add new solar panels which are expensive.

Way Forward

Bring States Together: Consensus between the Centre and States is the key to the success of this decentralised solar power scheme.
- Any reform in India’s power space cannot take place unless there is consensus between the Centre, States and stakeholders. Till then, it will be like a half-baked cake.
Sustainable Farming: Apart from switching to solar power, farmers should also switch over to drip irrigation mode which saves water and power with increased crop output.
Lucrative Solar Energy Pricing: For effective implementation and serious participation by stakeholders, the scheme should be more attractive in terms of benchmark prices in view of the challenges on account of higher costs of implementation and comprehensive maintenance.

Conclusion

The PM-KUSUM scheme, like many government schemes, is certainly well-intentioned, but policy interventions like manufacturing in India for solar cells, or even phasing out power subsidies, might give it the legs to deliver on its promise.

The first warship of Project-19ch

-Jardan Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd. launches the first warship - 'Himgiri' capable of evading the reach of radar built under Project-19.

Construction of three such naval ships equipped with various facilities is being carried out under Project-12.

-After launch, this warship will undergo various tests and will be equipped with advanced equipment and then it will be handed over to the Navy in the year 2020.

-Laptajai became the first Indian company to build 100 ships.

-Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid a one-day visit to Gujarat on Tuesday, December 19, in which he paid homage to the Renewable Energy Park, Desalination Plant and Dairy Plant in Kutch.

-Shr Narendra Modi reached Dhordo Tent City directly from Bhuj Airport on Tuesday afternoon. Domkhat, built in the middle of the white desert at Tent City, laid the foundation stone of the world's largest solar power and 60,000 MW hybrid energy park with windmills, which is shaped into a large desert on the Kutch border.

-From the same place they also worshiped the ground water desalination plant. The plant will be set up at Gundiali in Kutch, Dwarka in Saurashtra, Ghogha-Bhavnagar, Sutrapada-Somnath.

He also paid homage to the two lakh liter milk chilling plant set up between Anjar and Bhachau, the border dairy gate of Kutch. When Modi was in Gujarat, the first dairy plant with a processing capacity of 3 lakh liters was set up in 2014-15 with the help of Rs 3.50 crore from the state government.

-After the hearing of the earlier disputed note was held at the Mamlatdar level, an appeal was to be made to the Province Officer level and then to the Collector.

Instead of appealing to the revenue officers at three stages, the Chief Minister's public interest approach to do it at only 3 stages i.e. at the level of provincial officer and collector.

-As a result of this decision, a decision on land dispute note can now be taken in time and unnecessary litigation can be avoided.

-The state government will develop a fire safety cop portal to get fire safety start online. Getting the new Fire Shrub online now will save people from having to push the office.

-Fire safety plan has to be approved only at the time of design-development permission of the building. Fire safety certificate has to be taken at G.5.

-Fire safety certificate for newly constructed buildings will be valid for three years. In case of regularization building, the fire brigade is valid for a period of two years.

-A large cadre of private and trained young fire safety officers with professional expertise will be created.

-After the necessary training in fire safety, practice will be allowed by being empaneled as a fire safety officer.

-Fire safety officers can be empaneled only after passing the test with rigorous training including fire fighting according to their grade. The fire safety officer has to do a refresher course every three years.

-Fire Safety Officers will have to visit each building field periodically and renew the Fire Safety Certificate from time to time.

-This new system will be implemented in the state from next 5th January.

-Dr. Madhukar Padvi was appointed by the State Government as the first Chancellor of Shri Birsa Munda Tribal University. He is currently serving as a Professor at Shji Arts College, Surat.

The new university has been set up by the state government on April 1, 2018 at Rajpipla in Narmada district.

Birsa Munda

-Born: 17 November 19, at Ranchi, Jharkhand

-He was an Indian tribal freedom fighter and revolutionary. They raised their voices against the British rule to protect the rights of the tribals.

On the premises of the Statue of Unity, a museum will be constructed for tourists to tell the story of the glorious history of 6 kingdoms of the country.

-After the independence of India, the documents of the merger of the kingdoms in the presence of Sardar Saheb regarding the merger in Saurashtra, the pictures of that time, the armament of the princes, the overview of the gifts, all these historical details will be made and presented in this museum.

Apart from this, the attractions of state-of-the-art 5-The Mapping projection, holography, augmented reality audio-video control light system will also be added in the construction of this museum.

At the Statue of Unity, there will be a museum depicting the stories of 7 kingdoms of the country.

On the premises of the Statue of Unity, a museum will be constructed for tourists to tell the story of the glorious history of 6 kingdoms of the country.

Apart from this, the attractions of state-of-the-art 5-The Mapping projection, holography, augmented reality audio-video control light system will also be added in the construction of this museum.

-Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister Dharmendra Pradhan was received by Qatar's Minister of Energy and Petroleum President K.S. Saad spoke to Sherida al-Kabi by telephone. During the talks between the two countries, it was agreed to set up a task force on the energy sector. In this task force of both the countries

Delegates will be involved who will mark the project for investment in India's energy sector.

Significant talks were held between the two ministers on investing in India with the establishment of the entire chain of Qatar's energy sector.

-During the talks, Dharmendra Pradhan described Qatar as a reliable supplier of jashal and jashal. The two countries agreed to go beyond the buyer-seller to build a stronger relationship to strengthen mutual cooperation.

India Qatar

-Katar is India's largest gas supplier. Under the long-term agreement, India imports 3 lakh tonnes of liquefied natural gas annually.

-Diplomatic relations between India and Qatar were established in the 19th century. When Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al-Ghani visited India in March 2015, cooperation was sought in a number of areas. India and Qatar have also agreed on repatriation.

Global Climate Summit

-Prime Minister Narendra Modi will address the Global Climate Summit on December 16, 2020. The Global Climate Summit is being held on the occasion of the 9th anniversary of the Paris Climate Agreement. The event is hosted by France, Britain, Italy, Mili and Ash. It will bring together nations from more than 50 countries and pledge to intensify efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Paris Climate Agreement

-It was accepted by 15 countries in the B1P1 held in Paris on December 15, 2016. This agreement came into force on November 9, 2016. For the first time, all countries came together under a legally binding agreement for ambitious and beneficial efforts to combat climate change and its ill effects. Regarding the completion of five years of the Paris Agreement, Mr. Javedkar said that climate change is not the result of recent events but the result of historical events. And India cannot be held responsible for this. Greenhouse gases have played a major role in climate change emissions. He said that out of the total emissions of these gases, the United States, Europe and China emit 12, while India accounts for only 3.

Echo Bridge--uttaraakhand van vibhaag ne apanee tarah ka pahala foraist iko brij ’banaaya hai. do len kaalaadhoongee-naineetaal raajamaarg ko sareesrp ko paar karane mein madad ke lie banaaya gaya hai.

-uttaraakhand van vibhaag ne apanee tarah ka pahala foraist iko brij ’banaaya hai. do len kaalaadhoongee-naineetaal raajamaarg ko sareesrp ko paar karane mein madad ke lie banaaya gaya hai.

- 10 dinon kee avadhi mein 5 laakh rupaye kee laagat se baans, joot aur ghaas se bane 20 pheet lambe iko brij ka nirmaan kiya gaya hai.

-yah pul kaalaadhoongee - naineetaal haeeve par bana hai. yah raajamaarg naineetaal ka mukhy maarg hai. aur har din badee sankhya mein vaahan is kshetr se gujarate hain, khaasakar paryatan seejan ke dauraan.

-raamanagar van vibhaag 4 kaimara traik se pul kee nigaraanee karega aur isaka adhyayan ek modal ke roop mein kiya jaega.

aksar gujarane vaale vaahanon mein se, sareesrp aksar gujarate vaahanon ke neeche kuchal diya jaata hai.

4 phut chauda, 60 phut ooncha pul 6 vayaskon ka vajan utha sakata hai aur van adhikaariyon ka kahana hai ki unhen ummeed hai ki pul ka istemaal paingolin dvaara bhee kiya jaega.

sareesrpon se bachane ke lie jaagarookata ke lie kuchh vishesh bord bhee lagae jaenge.

- pul par selphee lene se logon ko rokane ke lie van karmiyon dvaara kshetr mein samay-samay par gasht kee jaegee.

-Indian women footballer Baladevi has become the first Indian woman footballer to enter the Professional Football League.

-Baladevi, playing for Rangers, scored the first goal of her career against Motherwell in the Football League of Europe. Baladevi's goal came in the 9th minute of the match. In this match, Rangers beat Motherwell 4-0.

Earlier this year, Bala Devi became the first Indian woman footballer to get a professional contract. Bala Devi has signed a 12-month contract with the Rangers.

Bala Devi was also much discussed in the year 2015. Bala Devi, who plays for Manipur Police in the Indian Women's League, scored six goals in just three matches.

In 2013, Bala Devi also won the title of Khankhkh Woman Player of the Year.

Bridge’ of its kind. The two-lane Kaladhungi-Nainital highway has been built with a focus to help reptiles cross.

- A 20 feet long eco bridge made of bamboo, jute and grass has been constructed at a cost of Rs. 3 lakhs in a period of 10 days.

-This bridge is built on Kaladhungi - Nainital Highway. This highway is the main road of Nainital. And every day a large number of vehicles pass through the region, especially during the tourist season.

-Ramnagar Forest Department will monitor the bridge from 4 camera tracks and it will be studied as a model.

-Because of frequent passing vehicles, reptiles are often crushed under passing vehicles.

The 4-foot-wide, 60-foot-high bridge can lift the weight of 6 adults and forest officials say they expect the bridge to be used by pangolins as well.

-Some special boards will also be put up for awareness to avoid reptiles.

- The area will be patrolled from time to time by forest personnel to prevent people from taking selfies on the bridge.

Time Magazine has jointly nominated newly elected US President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harrison for the 2020 Person of the Year. There has been a tradition of choosing one person for the Person of the Year in general.

-Health activists and organizers of the Movement for Racial Justice have been named '2030 Guardians of the Year'. Who have always strived for the protection of the sacred ideals of democracy.

-Eric Yuan, the brother of the conference platform Zoom, has been named Time's Business Person of the Year.

-Every elected president since Franklin Delano Roosevelt has been elected Person of the Year in any year of his term, according to Time. About 15 of them have been given this honor during the presidential election year.

-This is the first time the Vice President has been elected as the Person of the Year.

In addition, South Korean boy band Jija has been named "Entertainer of the Year" and American basketball player LeBron James has been named "Athlete of the Year".

-Mahatma Gandhi was the first and only person in India to be named Time Person of the Year by Time magazine in 190.

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